The article focuses on the effectiveness of learning in business. Most learning executives still measure effectiveness in terms of inputs-course completion rates, learning budgets, or learner satisfaction rates-- rather than business results, such as increased revenue or decreased costs. Specifically, chief learning officers, HR vice presidents, and training directors struggle to align their activities with critical business needs, measure their impact on the performance of the business, communicate their value to stakeholders, and earn acceptance of the learning function across the enterprise.