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Future-Proofing Leadership Pipelines

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With baby boomers retiring and global competition fighting for limited workers, leadership continuity has become a board-level priority.

With baby boomers retiring and global competition fighting for limited workers, leadership continuity has become a board-level priority.

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Thu Nov 13 2025

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Succession planning is the deliberate, systematic effort to ensure that the right leaders are ready to step into mission-critical roles the moment incumbents move on. That safety net matters now more than ever.

Succession planning is the deliberate, systematic effort to ensure that the right leaders are ready to step into mission-critical roles the moment incumbents move on. That safety net matters now more than ever.

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Last year, more than 2,200 CEOs exited their positions —the most of any year on record since tracking began in 2002—and boardrooms are waking up to the risk: Fifty-two percent of directors say they are increasing their investment in succession planning this year, even though only 46 percent feel confident in their pipelines.

Last year, more than 2,200 CEOs exited their positions—the most of any year on record since tracking began in 2002—and boardrooms are waking up to the risk: Fifty-two percent of directors say they are increasing their investment in succession planning this year, even though only 46 percent feel confident in their pipelines.

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Why the urgency? A historic wave of reshoring is erecting new US factories at a pace unseen in half a century. Construction spending on manufacturing facilities hit $232 billion in 2024 —triple 2019 levels. At the same time, baby boomer leaders are edging toward retirement, artificial intelligence is rewriting job content, and global competition is stealing your high potentials (HIPOs) with one click. Leadership continuity has officially moved from “important but not urgent” to board-level priority number 1.

Why the urgency? A historic wave of reshoring is erecting new US factories at a pace unseen in half a century. Construction spending on manufacturing facilities hit $232 billion in 2024—triple 2019 levels. At the same time, baby boomer leaders are edging toward retirement, artificial intelligence is rewriting job content, and global competition is stealing your high potentials (HIPOs) with one click. Leadership continuity has officially moved from “important but not urgent” to board-level priority number 1.

The current landscape

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Without a ready bench, the billions of dollars pouring into production capacity could face a bottleneck due to the lack of leaders:

Without a ready bench, the billions of dollars pouring into production capacity could face a bottleneck due to the lack of leaders:

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Reshoring’s talent math. Deloitte and the Manufacturing Institute estimate the sector will need 3.8 million new hires between 2024 and 2033—and up to 1.9 million of those roles could remain vacant if companies do nothing. McKinsey marks the potential shortfall even higher at 1.5 million to 2.5 million workers by 2030.

Reshoring’s talent math. Deloitte and the Manufacturing Institute estimate the sector will need 3.8 million new hires between 2024 and 2033—and up to 1.9 million of those roles could remain vacant if companies do nothing. McKinsey marks the potential shortfall even higher at 1.5 million to 2.5 million workers by 2030.

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A skills deck that shifts beneath our feet. The World Economic Forum’s latest Future of Jobs study found that 39 percent of workers’ core skills will change by 2030; demand for simulation software know-how alone has jumped 75 percent in five years.

A skills deck that shifts beneath our feet. The World Economic Forum’s latest Future of Jobs study found that 39 percent of workers’ core skills will change by 2030; demand for simulation software know-how alone has jumped 75 percent in five years.

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An approaching “silver tsunami.” All 76 million baby boomers will be past retirement age by 2030, and 10,000 people are leaving the workforce every day. Yet why is it that 56 percent of US employers still have no formal succession plan?

An approaching “silver tsunami.” All 76 million baby boomers will be past retirement age by 2030, and 10,000 people are leaving the workforce every day. Yet why is it that 56 percent of US employers still have no formal succession plan?

The HIPO identification puzzle can be challenging

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According to Mercer | Mettl , “High-potential identification is a process that intends to discover individuals who possess competencies that are essential to succeed in more evolved roles for personal and organizational advancement. The process aims to find employees who demonstrate a higher possibility of outperforming other role holders and depict differentiated leadership or role potential. High-potential employees display not only high levels of competencies for their current role but also exhibit a high future propensity for taking up bigger responsibilities and challenges.”

According to Mercer | Mettl, “High-potential identification is a process that intends to discover individuals who possess competencies that are essential to succeed in more evolved roles for personal and organizational advancement. The process aims to find employees who demonstrate a higher possibility of outperforming other role holders and depict differentiated leadership or role potential. High-potential employees display not only high levels of competencies for their current role but also exhibit a high future propensity for taking up bigger responsibilities and challenges.”

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Past performance and tenure remain common substitutions, yet they miss emergent qualities such as digital dexterity and influence without authority.

Past performance and tenure remain common substitutions, yet they miss emergent qualities such as digital dexterity and influence without authority.

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Workplace challenges still exist to thwart HIPO's learning:

Workplace challenges still exist to thwart HIPO's learning:

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    Cultural headwinds . Legacy promotion rules reward stability over experimentation, and some incumbents resist grooming successors who might outshine them.

    Cultural headwinds. Legacy promotion rules reward stability over experimentation, and some incumbents resist grooming successors who might outshine them.

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    External volatility . Market shocks, mergers and acquisitions, and reorganizations can freeze internal moves, starving HIPOs of stretch roles and prompting exits.

    External volatility. Market shocks, mergers and acquisitions, and reorganizations can freeze internal moves, starving HIPOs of stretch roles and prompting exits.

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There are three strategies that, when you blend them together, can help succession planning become the backbone of the organization:

There are three strategies that, when you blend them together, can help succession planning become the backbone of the organization:

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    Articulate a North‑Star succession vision.

    Articulate a North‑Star succession vision.

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    Turn data, analytics, and behavioral science into a leadership early-warning system.

    Turn data, analytics, and behavioral science into a leadership early-warning system.

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    Standardize a talent development architecture.

    Standardize a talent development architecture.


Quick Diagnostic: Is Your Culture Blocking High Potentials?

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    Do project teams default to the same “safe” leads?

    Do project teams default to the same “safe” leads?

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    Do leaders treat mistakes as learning fuel or career-limiting events?

    Do leaders treat mistakes as learning fuel or career-limiting events?

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    Can junior staff question long-held processes without repercussion?

    Can junior staff question long-held processes without repercussion?

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    Are HIPO nominations based on data or sponsorship?

    Are HIPO nominations based on data or sponsorship?

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    When a key seat opens, is the knee-jerk reaction to recruit externally?

    When a key seat opens, is the knee-jerk reaction to recruit externally?

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Two or more “no” answers indicate hidden cultural bottlenecks that can drain your pipeline faster than any competitor.

Two or more “no” answers indicate hidden cultural bottlenecks that can drain your pipeline faster than any competitor.


Articulate a North‑Star succession vision

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Start every annual strategy with one slide: “Our 10 most value-creating roles in the upcoming year.” Pressure-test each role against your growth bets—new markets, new technology, and new regulations—and then co-author a concise success profile with the decision maker, not just HR.

Start every annual strategy with one slide: “Our 10 most value-creating roles in the upcoming year.” Pressure-test each role against your growth bets—new markets, new technology, and new regulations—and then co-author a concise success profile with the decision maker, not just HR.

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When every critical seat has a board-approved why and what great looks like, succession shifts from an HR project to a core business discipline.

When every critical seat has a board-approved why and what great looks like, succession shifts from an HR project to a core business discipline.

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Two key metrics keep you on track:

Two key metrics keep you on track:

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    Percentage of critical roles with documented success profiles

    Percentage of critical roles with documented success profiles

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    Whether those profiles appear in the board’s strategy pack

    Whether those profiles appear in the board’s strategy pack

Turn data, analytics, and behavioral science into a leadership early-warning system

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Smart succession planners treat talent information the way pilots treat cockpit gauges: a constant flow of real-time readings that warn you long before trouble hits cruising altitude.

Smart succession planners treat talent information the way pilots treat cockpit gauges: a constant flow of real-time readings that warn you long before trouble hits cruising altitude.

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Here’s the four-step loop I put on every chief HR officer’s desk—no fancy dashboards or incentives tie-ins required.

Here’s the four-step loop I put on every chief HR officer’s desk—no fancy dashboards or incentives tie-ins required.

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Step 1: Map the present. Begin with multiscience assessments—think DiSC for behaviors, driving forces for motivation, acumen for capacity, EQ for emotional intelligence, and a solid 360‑degree feedback round. Together, they give you a picture of each leader’s capabilities, weaknesses, and growth runway.

Step 1: Map the present. Begin with multiscience assessments—think DiSC for behaviors, driving forces for motivation, acumen for capacity, EQ for emotional intelligence, and a solid 360‑degree feedback round. Together, they give you a picture of each leader’s capabilities, weaknesses, and growth runway.

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Step 2: Measure against the market. Convert those raw scores into percentiles and compare them with external benchmarks (your top‑quartile industry performers or a curated peer group). That tells you exactly how far each leader is from the standard the business will need in two to five years.

Step 2: Measure against the market. Convert those raw scores into percentiles and compare them with external benchmarks (your top‑quartile industry performers or a curated peer group). That tells you exactly how far each leader is from the standard the business will need in two to five years.

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Step 3: Model future risk. Blend three data points—bench depth, retirement eligibility, and voluntary‑exit probability—into a simple three-tier ranking:

Step 3: Model future risk. Blend three data points—bench depth, retirement eligibility, and voluntary‑exit probability—into a simple three-tier ranking:

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    Ready now – The company hasn’t identified a successor; competency gaps are less than 10 percent.

    Ready now – The company hasn’t identified a successor; competency gaps are less than 10 percent.

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    Ready soon – A successor is in development; competency gaps are 10–25 percent.

    Ready soon – A successor is in development; competency gaps are 10–25 percent.

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    Future ready – There is no clear successor yet; competency gaps are greater than 25 percent.

    Future ready – There is no clear successor yet; competency gaps are greater than 25 percent.

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The moment “future-ready” seats exceed a threshold you set (say, 15 percent of critical roles), the system triggers a discussion, not a fire drill.

The moment “future-ready” seats exceed a threshold you set (say, 15 percent of critical roles), the system triggers a discussion, not a fire drill.

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Step 4: Monitor on a rhythm. Rerun the loop every quarter and present the findings as a single‑page succession scorecard to the executive committee. Look for two green flags: The share of ready-now roles climbs and the average gap for ready-soon roles shrinks. Both signal that development investments are translating into real readiness.

Step 4: Monitor on a rhythm. Rerun the loop every quarter and present the findings as a single‑page succession scorecard to the executive committee. Look for two green flags: The share of ready-now roles climbs and the average gap for ready-soon roles shrinks. Both signal that development investments are translating into real readiness.

Standardize a talent development architecture

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Great pipelines run on a single enterprise engine built around the classic 70-20-10 mix:

Great pipelines run on a single enterprise engine built around the classic 70-20-10 mix:

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    Cross-functional rotations (the 70). Create six‑to-12-month stints in adjacent functions, such as finance HIPOs into operations and plant supervisors into supply‑chain analytics. Completion rate is the tell-tale metric; if managers hoard talent, call it out.

    Cross-functional rotations (the 70). Create six‑to-12-month stints in adjacent functions, such as finance HIPOs into operations and plant supervisors into supply‑chain analytics. Completion rate is the tell-tale metric; if managers hoard talent, call it out.

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    Mentoring and legacy sprints (the 20). Pair every senior leader nearing exit with a primary and a shadow successor. Run 90-minute legacy sprints where the incumbent unpacks key relationships, decision rules, and unwritten norms; record and tag the sessions for easy search. Track mentee Net Promoter Score—anything below 70 needs fixing.

    Mentoring and legacy sprints (the 20). Pair every senior leader nearing exit with a primary and a shadow successor. Run 90-minute legacy sprints where the incumbent unpacks key relationships, decision rules, and unwritten norms; record and tag the sessions for easy search. Track mentee Net Promoter Score—anything below 70 needs fixing.

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    Developmental coaching (the 10). Kick off with multiscience assessments (for example, DiSC, Driving Forces, and EQ), then add six months of coaching on the two gaps that will move readiness fastest. Aim for each HIPO to hit at least two stretch key performance indicators within 12 months.

    Developmental coaching (the 10). Kick off with multiscience assessments (for example, DiSC, Driving Forces, and EQ), then add six months of coaching on the two gaps that will move readiness fastest. Aim for each HIPO to hit at least two stretch key performance indicators within 12 months.

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Combine those three engines, and succession planning becomes an organizational power plant—visible, measurable, and directly tied to future earnings.

Combine those three engines, and succession planning becomes an organizational power plant—visible, measurable, and directly tied to future earnings.

Refining HIPO programs

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Refining HIPO programs requires more than good intentions; it calls for structure, creativity, and discipline. To move beyond check-the-box development, organizations must design experiences that both stretch talent and accelerate readiness for critical roles. The following approaches highlight how to blend modern learning, knowledge transfer, and timely calibration into a HIPO program that delivers results.

Refining HIPO programs requires more than good intentions; it calls for structure, creativity, and discipline. To move beyond check-the-box development, organizations must design experiences that both stretch talent and accelerate readiness for critical roles. The following approaches highlight how to blend modern learning, knowledge transfer, and timely calibration into a HIPO program that delivers results.

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    Personalized, blended pathways. Pair bite‑size digital modules (for example, artificial intelligence for plant managers) with enterprise capstone projects.

    Personalized, blended pathways. Pair bite‑size digital modules (for example, artificial intelligence for plant managers) with enterprise capstone projects.

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    Legacy sprints. Match each senior leader nearing exit with a primary successor and a shadow to capture implied know-how in 90‑minute deep dives.

    Legacy sprints. Match each senior leader nearing exit with a primary successor and a shadow to capture implied know-how in 90‑minute deep dives.

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    Quarterly calibration. Talent councils debate anonymized profiles first and reveal names second, curbing bias and surfacing overlooked talent.

    Quarterly calibration. Talent councils debate anonymized profiles first and reveal names second, curbing bias and surfacing overlooked talent.


Real‑World Success Stories

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In various industries, taking initiative in succession planning protects revenue, enhances customer experience, and reduces costs related to talent replacement—well ahead of demographic challenges or market disruptions that could escalate gaps into crises.

In various industries, taking initiative in succession planning protects revenue, enhances customer experience, and reduces costs related to talent replacement—well ahead of demographic challenges or market disruptions that could escalate gaps into crises.

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Global industrial manufacturer. A risk audit revealed that 40 percent of its vice presidents may retire within five years. In response, this Fortune 500 company mapped critical positions three layers deep and assigned each a succession-risk score.

Global industrial manufacturer. A risk audit revealed that 40 percent of its vice presidents may retire within five years. In response, this Fortune 500 company mapped critical positions three layers deep and assigned each a succession-risk score.

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High-risk roles prompted six-month cross-plant rotations and the establishment of mentoring pairs. As a result, within two years, the company more than doubled its internal promotion rate for director positions, increasing it from 35 percent to 62 percent, and reduced the average time to fill a senior vacancy by 28 days.

High-risk roles prompted six-month cross-plant rotations and the establishment of mentoring pairs. As a result, within two years, the company more than doubled its internal promotion rate for director positions, increasing it from 35 percent to 62 percent, and reduced the average time to fill a senior vacancy by 28 days.

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Regional healthcare system. A three-hospital network found that its emergency departments were set to lose half of their charge-nurse leaders to retirement within three years. To address that, the network initiated legacy sprints that matched each outgoing leader with two successors, documented unwritten protocols in concise video libraries, and conducted a nine-month peri-operative leadership academy. One year later, emergency room throughput rose by 11 percent, and the network successfully filled all departing nurse-manager positions internally.

Regional healthcare system. A three-hospital network found that its emergency departments were set to lose half of their charge-nurse leaders to retirement within three years. To address that, the network initiated legacy sprints that matched each outgoing leader with two successors, documented unwritten protocols in concise video libraries, and conducted a nine-month peri-operative leadership academy. One year later, emergency room throughput rose by 11 percent, and the network successfully filled all departing nurse-manager positions internally.

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SaaS cybersecurity company. Facing a 12 percent annual attrition rate among top engineers, a 600-person software organization linked stock-option renewals to defined mentoring goals: The company required each senior engineer to record significant architecture choices and guide two protégés through a “brown-field” coding project. Within one year, HIPO turnover dropped to 4 percent, release speed increased by 15 percent, and tribal knowledge stayed within the company.

SaaS cybersecurity company. Facing a 12 percent annual attrition rate among top engineers, a 600-person software organization linked stock-option renewals to defined mentoring goals: The company required each senior engineer to record significant architecture choices and guide two protégés through a “brown-field” coding project. Within one year, HIPO turnover dropped to 4 percent, release speed increased by 15 percent, and tribal knowledge stayed within the company.

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Midtier airline. A US carrier forecasting a shortfall of 400 captains by 2028 created a cadet-to-captain track that blends simulator time, line‑operations safety audits, and retiree captains as flying mentors. The program lowered first‑officer-to-captain upgrade time by six months and cut flight‑operations cancellations by 7 percent yearly, saving roughly $18 million in re-accommodation costs.

Midtier airline. A US carrier forecasting a shortfall of 400 captains by 2028 created a cadet-to-captain track that blends simulator time, line‑operations safety audits, and retiree captains as flying mentors. The program lowered first‑officer-to-captain upgrade time by six months and cut flight‑operations cancellations by 7 percent yearly, saving roughly $18 million in re-accommodation costs.


Act now

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Succession planning is no longer a back-burner project—it is an organizational infrastructure. Companies willing to anchor their plans in strategy, fuel them with analytics, and measure progress relentlessly will own the manufacturing renaissance. Those that wait risk watching capital projects stall while knowledge retires.

Succession planning is no longer a back-burner project—it is an organizational infrastructure. Companies willing to anchor their plans in strategy, fuel them with analytics, and measure progress relentlessly will own the manufacturing renaissance. Those that wait risk watching capital projects stall while knowledge retires.

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The question is no longer whether you can afford to prioritize succession planning but whether you can afford not to. Leaders who commit today will:

The question is no longer whether you can afford to prioritize succession planning but whether you can afford not to. Leaders who commit today will:

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    Safeguard revenue when the next resignation hits.

    Safeguard revenue when the next resignation hits.

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    Unlock discretionary effort by showing HIPOs a future they can picture.

    Unlock discretionary effort by showing HIPOs a future they can picture.

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    Outmaneuver rivals, which are scrambling for external hires in a talent drought.

    Outmaneuver rivals, which are scrambling for external hires in a talent drought.

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Read more from Talent Development Leader.

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